The working principle of the lens is mainly based on the principle of optics. Through the refraction and focusing of the lens, the light is converged to the imaging surface to form a clear image. The interior of the lens is composed of multiple optical elements such as lenses, reflectors, prisms and apertures. These elements work together to form an efficient optical system.
The working principle of the lens can be divided into the following key parts:
Refraction principle: The light refracts on the curved surface of the lens, changes the propagation direction and focuses. The focal length determines the convergence position of the light, affecting the size and clarity of the image.
Aperture principle: By adjusting the size of the aperture, the amount of light entering is controlled, affecting the depth of field and exposure of the image. The aperture coefficient F indicates the size of the aperture. The smaller the F value, the larger the aperture and the greater the luminous flux; the larger the F value, the smaller the aperture and the smaller the luminous flux.
Anti-shake component: Some lenses are driven by motors to achieve optical anti-shake function to reduce the impact of shaking during handheld shooting.
Application of lenses in photography:
Focal length: determines the magnification and imaging characteristics of the lens. The zoom function changes the focal length by adjusting the relative position of the lens inside the lens to adapt to different shooting needs.
Aperture and depth of field: The size of the aperture affects the exposure and depth of field of the image. A large aperture can blur the background and highlight the subject; a small aperture increases the depth of field to ensure that the entire picture is clear.
